IELTS Vocabulary for Health and Fitness
Health and fitness questions appear right from Part 1 — exercise habits, sleep, daily food — and continue through Part 2 cards on staying healthy or a favourite sport, Part 3 discussions about motivation and public health, and Writing Task 2 essays on obesity or lifestyle change. Because almost every candidate has something to say here, examiners are listening less for content and more for whether the vocabulary sounds lived-in rather than rehearsed.
At Band 7, the shift is from generic adjectives to specific collocations: “build up stamina” and “maintain a healthy weight” show control that “get fit” and “stay healthy” alone do not. The most common mistakes on this topic are repeating “healthy” as the default adjective for everything, using “very tired” or “very good” instead of a precise verb like “recover” or “overexert,” and reaching for medical-sounding words that are used incorrectly rather than trusting simpler, natural phrasing.
Where this topic comes up
- Part 1Warm-up questions about your own life — “Do you do any exercise regularly?”, and four more below.
- Part 2A two-minute turn on a card such as Describe something you do to stay healthy, Describe a sport or physical activity you enjoy.
- Part 3The abstract follow-ups, where precision counts most — “Why do some people find it hard to stay motivated to exercise?”.
- Writing Task 2Essay questions on health and fitness reward exactly the same phrases — a collocation you can say is one you can write.
Instead of… say…
Same idea, sharper words. The left column is what most candidates reach for first; the right is what an examiner hears as precise.
| Instead of | Say |
|---|---|
| exercise is good for you | regular exercise improves both physical and mental healthnames two specific benefits, not just "good" |
| I try to eat healthy food | I try to eat a balanced dietstandard collocation examiners expect on this topic |
| I feel tired after work | I feel drained after a long shiftmore precise verb than the flat adjective "tired" |
| I want to lose some weight | I want to shed a few poundsnatural idiom, sounds less like a translated sentence |
| I stopped eating junk food | I gave up junk foodphrasal verb is the natural spoken choice here |
| he got hurt playing football | he picked up an injury playing footballcollocation examiners recognise as natural, not literal |
| I started doing yoga | I took up yoga last year"take up" is the natural verb for starting a hobby |
| sitting all day is bad for you | a sedentary lifestyle increases health risksformal noun phrase suits Part 3 discussion |
Phrases by band
Each phrase comes with what it means and one sentence you could actually say. Learn the sentence, not the word on its own.
Band 6 essentials
Clear, correct, common. These carry a whole answer without sounding rehearsed.
-
exercise
wordphysical activity done to stay fit and healthy
I try to exercise at least three times a week.
-
stay healthy
collocationto keep your body and mind in good condition
Walking to work every day helps me stay healthy.
-
eat a balanced diet
collocationto eat a variety of foods in the right amounts
My mother always taught us to eat a balanced diet.
-
go to the gym
collocationto visit a place with equipment for exercise
I go to the gym most mornings before work.
-
physical activity
collocationany movement that uses energy, like walking or sport
Doctors recommend at least thirty minutes of physical activity a day.
-
junk food
collocationfood that is unhealthy but often quick and tasty
I used to eat a lot of junk food as a student.
-
lose weight
collocationto reduce your body weight
My brother started running because he wanted to lose weight.
-
feel tired
collocationto feel a lack of energy
I usually feel tired if I skip breakfast.
-
healthy lifestyle
collocationa way of living that keeps you fit and well
My parents have always had a healthy lifestyle.
-
get enough sleep
collocationto sleep for a sufficient number of hours
I struggle to get enough sleep during exam periods.
Band 7 collocations
Words that belong together. This is where lexical resource starts to separate a 6 from a 7.
-
work out
phrasal verbto exercise, especially with a structured routine
I usually work out at home before breakfast.
-
build up stamina
collocationto gradually increase your ability to keep going physically
It took months of running to build up stamina for the race.
-
burn calories
collocationto use energy from food through physical activity
Swimming is a great way to burn calories without feeling exhausted.
-
cut out sugar
phrasal verbto stop eating or drinking something completely
I decided to cut out sugar from my diet this year.
-
take up a new sport
phrasal verbto start doing a sport as a new hobby
I've always wanted to take up a new sport like climbing.
-
stick to a routine
collocationto keep following a regular plan without giving up
The hardest part of getting fit is learning to stick to a routine.
-
shed a few pounds
idiomto lose a small amount of body weight
I just wanted to shed a few pounds before the summer.
-
give up junk food
phrasal verbto stop eating unhealthy food
My flatmate managed to give up junk food completely last year.
-
maintain a healthy weight
collocationto keep your body weight at a stable, healthy level
Eating regularly, not skipping meals, helps me maintain a healthy weight.
-
recover from an injury
collocationto heal and return to normal after being hurt
It took him almost a year to recover from an injury to his knee.
-
warm up
phrasal verbto prepare your body gently before exercise
I always warm up for ten minutes before I go for a run.
-
push yourself too hard
collocationto try to do more than your body can safely handle
I learned the hard way not to push yourself too hard at the gym.
Band 8 precision
Precise, and often idiomatic. Use one where it genuinely fits, never as decoration.
-
sedentary lifestyle
collocationa way of living that involves very little physical movement
Working from a desk all day has given me a sedentary lifestyle.
-
hit a plateau
idiomto stop making progress after a period of improvement
My weight loss hit a plateau after the first couple of months.
-
overexert yourself
wordto push your body beyond a safe or comfortable limit
The trainer warned me not to overexert yourself in the first session.
-
holistic approach to health
collocationtreating diet, exercise, and mental wellbeing as connected
My doctor recommends a holistic approach to health rather than quick fixes.
-
bounce back from illness
idiomto recover quickly and fully after being sick
It took a while, but I managed to bounce back from illness eventually.
-
wear and tear
idiomgradual damage from regular use over time
Years of running have caused some wear and tear on my knees.
-
peak physical condition
collocationthe best possible state of fitness a body can reach
Athletes train for years to reach peak physical condition before a competition.
-
underlying health condition
collocationan existing medical problem that affects overall health
My grandfather has to be careful because of an underlying health condition.
Test yourself
8 sentences from the examples above, with the phrase taken out. Pick the phrase that belongs in the gap — press 1–4 or tap.
Question 1 of 8
Practise it out loud
A phrase you have only read is not yet yours. Answer these aloud and count how many of the phrases above you actually reach for.
Part 1 questions
- Do you do any exercise regularly?
- What do you usually eat in a typical day?
- Did you play any sports when you were a child?
- How important is sleep for you?
- Do you prefer exercising alone or with other people?
Part 3 questions
- Why do some people find it hard to stay motivated to exercise?
- Should schools spend more time on physical education?
- How has technology changed the way people exercise?
- Is it the government's job to reduce obesity, or is it a personal responsibility?
- Why do you think fitness trends change so often?
Frequently asked questions
Is it fine to say "workout" as a noun and "work out" as a verb?
Yes. "A workout" (noun) and "to work out" (verb, two words) are both correct and commonly used - just keep the spelling distinction consistent within one answer.
Should I memorise medical or scientific terms for this topic?
No. Lexical Resource on health topics rewards natural collocations like "build up stamina" or "maintain a healthy weight" far more than technical terms you might misuse.
What is the most common vocabulary mistake on health topics?
Repeating "healthy" and "good for you" in almost every sentence. Varying between specific verbs like "recover," "maintain," and "improve" keeps the range examiners are listening for.
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