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雅思IELTS「advantages and disadvantages」型作文的Band 6、7、8版本

簡答

本頁用同一個結論和同樣的兩個想法,把一道虛構的「do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages」題目,分別以Band 6、7、8寫了三次,並標出會讓人得分或失分的片語。在這種題型中,最常區分分數等級的,是結論有沒有被論證:在Band 6,權衡只是被宣告並重複,在較高的分數等級,作文則會說明為什麼其中一方比較重要。

App會依4個評分項目為Task 2作文評分,並提供Examiner's Summary,以及每個評分項目做得好的地方和如何改進。

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本頁內容

本頁取一道虛構的題目,並回答三次。結論相同,優點和缺點相同,只有寫作不同,讓你看出是什麼把一篇作文從Band 6推到7再推到8。這道題目屬於如何回答優缺點題型所描述的類型,這是練習資料中的名稱,不是IELTS使用的分類。

這三篇作文是為本網站寫的。它們不是來自真正的試卷,沒有被IELTS(雅思)評分,也不是要背的答案:IELTS.org會對背誦和抄襲的內容扣分,而且你考試中的題目會不一樣。用它們來比較,然後寫你自己的。

重點整理

  • 同一個結論,用三種方式論證,顯示分數來自發展與掌控,而不是不同的意見。
  • 在Band 6,結論只是被宣告,結尾重複它;在Band 7,它被論證;在Band 8,權衡是段落的一部分。
  • 點出卻沒有解釋的缺點,是Band 6常見的缺口。
  • Band 8靠的是精確,不是罕見的詞彙。
  • 這裡關於各分數等級的所有說法,都來自公開的評分標準,也就是本網站所改寫的內容。

題目

Many people now learn foreign languages through online lessons instead of attending classes in a school or language centre. Do the advantages of this development outweigh the disadvantages?

這道題目是為了練習而虛構的。三篇作文共用同一個計畫:

  • 結論:優點大於缺點。
  • 優點:彈性。課程可以配合工作和家庭,也可以重播。
  • 缺點:比起教室,臨時發生的口說練習比較少。
  • 權衡:口說練習可以另外安排,但固定的時間表會把許多人完全排除在外。
  • 四個段落:引言、優點、缺點、結尾。

同一篇作文的Band 6、7、8版本

將游標移到標示的片語上或點一下,就能看到評分者會注意的地方。圖例說明了每種顏色代表哪個評分項目。

Band 6

Nowadays many people learn languages through online lessons, and fewer people go to classes in a school. Some people say that classes with a teacher are always better, but I do not agree. Many of my friends study in this way. In my opinion the advantages of this development are bigger than the disadvantages, and I will explain why in this essay.

The main advantage of online lessons is that they are flexible. Firstly只是引出論點的標籤,沒有和引言連接, people who work or look after children is not able主詞動詞不一致:應為「are not able」 to attend a class at a fixed time, but with online lessons they can study in the evening or at the weekend. For example, a mother can study after her children are asleep. This is the reason why I think online lessons are more convenient. Also, it is easy to start because you only need a computer. Also, they can watch the lesson again if they did not understand something, and this is very good模糊的基本用語,需要更精確的字,例如「valuable」 for students who learn slowly.

However, there is also a disadvantage. The students do not get enough chance to speak with other people只點出缺點,沒有解釋,也沒有例子. In a real class they speak with the teacher and the other students all the time, and this make them more confident主詞動詞不一致:應為「this makes them」. Online they often only listen to a video, so they can feel alone選字錯誤:這裡通常用「lonely」. Speaking is a very important part of a language, so this is a problem for some people.

To conclude, online lessons are flexible but students speak less, and the advantages are bigger結尾只是把引言換個說法,沒有權衡兩方. So I think the advantages is more than應為「advantages are greater than」或「advantages outweigh」 the disadvantages, and online lessons are a good choice for many people today. In the future more people will use them.

Band 7

Learning a language online has become common, and many people no longer attend classes in a school or language centre. Online study is available to almost anyone with a connection. Although this change has drawbacks, I believe that its advantages outweigh them.

The main advantage is flexibility主題句點出段落唯一的主題. Adults who work long hours or look after children often cannot commit to a class at a fixed time, whereas online lessons can be fitted into an evening or a weekend. For a parent returning from work, an hour on a fixed evening may simply be impossible, whereas a lesson that waits until the children are asleep remains available. Learners can also replay a recording when an explanation is unclear, something that a live class does not allow用逗號接在前一個想法後面的簡短關係子句. As a result, people who might otherwise have given up can keep studying regularly.

The main disadvantage is that learners get less spontaneous speaking practice. In a classroom, students must respond immediately to a teacher or a classmate, and this pressure gradually builds confidence自然的詞語搭配. Speaking is a skill that grows through repeated, unplanned exchanges, so its absence matters. A learner who only watches recorded lessons may understand grammar well yet hesitate when speak動詞形式錯誤:應為「speaking」 to a real person. However, this problem is not impossible to solve, since many online courses now offer live conversation sessions缺點先被解釋再被權衡,支持了結論.

In conclusion, online lessons reduce the amount of natural conversation, but flexibility decides whether many people can learn at all給出結論背後的理由,而不是重複結論. For this reason I believe the advantages are greater than正確但平淡的比較;用字更有變化的動詞會提升多樣性 the disadvantages. Learners who combine recorded lessons with regular conversation practice can gain both benefits.

Band 8

Online lessons are replacing the classroom for a growing number of language learners. The question is how much each side weighs. This development does carry a real drawback, but I believe the advantages outweigh it, chiefly because flexibility determines whether many adults study at all在第一段就連同理由說出結論.

The decisive advantage is flexibility. A parent or shift worker cannot commit to a class that meets at a fixed hour, but can complete an online lesson at midnight if that is the only time available. The effect is practical rather than theoretical: a lesson that fits the day is far more likely to be attended. Recorded material adds a second benefit: a learner can replay an unclear explanation until it makes sense, something a classroom lesson, once finished, never permits冒號、同位語和插入語的運用完全自如. Together these features turn language learning from a privilege of those with regular timetables精確的名詞片語,帶出了對比 into something most adults can sustain.

The real disadvantage is the scarcity of unplanned speaking. In a classroom, a learner must answer a question immediately, and that mild pressure is what turns knowledge into fluency對這個效果的精確用字; a student who only watches lessons may understand the grammar perfectly yet hesitate when addressed by a real person. The concern is therefore legitimate, and it would be wrong to dismiss it. This weakness, however, is neither universal nor permanent這個句子不用標籤,就把段落從缺點轉到權衡. Many courses now include live conversation sessions, and learners can arrange practice with a partner independently.

On balance, the loss of spontaneous practice is real but remediable, whereas rigid timetables simply exclude people結尾權衡兩方,並給出結論成立的理由. The advantages therefore carry more weight, because a learner who cannot attend a class cannot practise anything.

讓分數不同的關鍵

以下的說明,依據的是公開的評分標準,也就是本網站所改寫的內容。每一句引文,都來自旁邊所指的那篇作文。

Task Response

Band 6的作文給出了結論,也涵蓋了兩方,但缺點只是被點出:「The students do not get enough chance to speak with other people」後面接的是概括性的說法,不是例子,而結尾段「To conclude, online lessons are flexible but students speak less, and the advantages are bigger」重複了引言。在Band 7,缺點先被解釋,再拿來和結論權衡:「However, this problem is not impossible to solve, since many online courses now offer live conversation sessions」。在Band 8,權衡就是結論成立的理由:「On balance, the loss of spontaneous practice is real but remediable, whereas rigid timetables simply exclude people」。請看Band 7的Task Response描述。

Coherence and Cohesion

Band 6在只有一個論點的段落中,用「Firstly」開頭,所以這個標籤沒有連接任何東西。Band 7讓每個段落只有一個主題,並且馬上點出:「The main advantage is flexibility」。它也以結論背後的理由收尾:「flexibility decides whether many people can learn at all」。在Band 8,從缺點轉到權衡,不需要連接詞:「This weakness, however, is neither universal nor permanent」。Band 6的Coherence and Cohesion描述點出了機械式的模式。

Lexical Resource

Band 6可以理解但很平淡,用「very good」代替精確的字,並用「alone」代替通常會用的「lonely」。Band 7使用自然的詞語搭配,例如「builds confidence」。Band 8選字是為了精確,不是為了罕見:「a privilege of those with regular timetables」只用7個常見的英文字就帶出了對比,而「what turns knowledge into fluency」則點出了教室壓力的效果。請看Band 8的Lexical Resource描述。

Grammatical Range and Accuracy

Band 6混合使用簡單句和複雜句,錯誤不會妨礙意思:「this make them more confident」和「advantages is more than」。Band 7處理了帶有逗號和關係子句的較長句子(「a live class does not allow」),不過「yet hesitate when speak」仍有一處失誤。在Band 8,一個句子裡有冒號、同位語和插入語,卻毫不吃力:「a learner can replay an unclear explanation until it makes sense, something a classroom lesson, once finished, never permits」。Band 7的Grammatical Range and Accuracy描述更詳細地說明了這個模式。

這種題型的陷阱

  • 點出缺點,卻沒有解釋。 Band 6的作文說學生「do not get enough chance to speak」,然後就繼續往下,沒有說明失去了什麼。
  • 只是重複的結論。 Band 6的結尾說優點比較大,就像引言一樣,沒有給出理由。
  • 用標籤取代連接。「Firstly」開頭的段落,唯一的論點並不需要標籤。
  • 其中一方太單薄。 Band 6的作文給優點的篇幅比缺點多,也從不把一方和另一方做權衡。

如何使用這些範文

先針對同一道題目,在40分鐘內寫出你自己的答案,限制和你在考試中的相同。然後逐段比較:你的作文哪裡解釋了一個論點,哪裡只是點出一個論點?用4種標記為你自己的稿子標示:Task Response(題目回應)、Coherence and Cohesion(連貫與銜接)、Lexical Resource(詞彙資源)和Grammatical Range and Accuracy(文法多樣性與準確度),並記下各個標記會落在稿子的哪些地方。Task 2作文結構的文章談的是如何規劃。不要背這裡的任何一篇作文:考試中的題目會不一樣,而且IELTS.org會對背誦的內容扣分。想為自己的稿子取得第二次判讀,可以用作文檢查工具。

App的評分方式

IELTS Mentor AI為Task 2作文評分,提供整體的Writing(寫作)分數、4個評分項目各自的分數,以及Examiner’s Summary(考官總評),並附上每個評分項目做得好的地方和如何改進。編輯器以40:00計時,並有即時字數對照250字的最低要求,你也可以拍下手寫的答案,而不用打字。

在備考中的定位

本頁屬於如何回答優缺點題型。整場考試的內容,請看Writing考試形式指南。其他題目的措辭也有相同的處理方式:「agree or disagree」型作文、「discuss both views」型作文、「problem and solution」型作文,以及雙問題作文。想知道是什麼讓一份稿子進入Band 7,請看IELTS Writing怎麼拿到Band 7。

常見問題

我可以在考試中使用這些作文當作我的答案嗎?

不行。它們是為本網站寫的,不是來自真正的試卷,也沒有被IELTS評分。IELTS.org會對背誦和抄襲的內容扣分,而且考試中的題目會不一樣。請用它們來和你自己的寫作比較,不要照抄。

這些作文是由IELTS評分的嗎?

不是。這三篇作文是為本網站寫的,用來顯示每個分數等級大致是什麼樣子,依據的是本網站所改寫的公開評分標準。每一篇附上的分數,是教學用的標籤,不是任何人報告的分數。

為什麼三篇作文的結論都一樣?

這樣一來,唯一改變的就是寫作本身。結論、優點和缺點都完全相同,所以三篇作文之間的任何差異,都來自想法的解釋、連接和用字方式。

優缺點作文需要有結論嗎?

要看題目最後的指示。問優點是否大於缺點的題目,要求的是判斷。要你討論兩方面的題目,要求的是涵蓋。規劃之前,先讀題目的最後一行。

我必須給兩方相同的篇幅嗎?

IELTS沒有公布這方面的規定。公開的評分標準把題目的某一部分篇幅遠多於另一部分,視為Band 6的弱點。讓兩方各有合理的篇幅,結論再偏向論證所偏向的一方,是比較穩妥的做法。

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